Episode 81 - How to say "do this!!" (imperative form)

Learn Japanese with Masa sensei!

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fa_mpxJVzzE&t=537s

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At the moment the only way we have to give an order is to ask politely for someone to do something.

電話してください。

Please call me.

If we want to add force to these requests we need to use the imperative.

For Group 1 Verbs, For exampleよみます (yomimasu), before ます is み (mi). If you change it to e-sound, it becomes め (me). So よみます (yomimasu) becomes よめ (yome). Similarly, ききます (kikimasu) becomes きけ (kike).

au → ae

tatsu → tate

wareru → ware

kaku → kake

oyogu → oyoge

shinu → shine

asobu → asobe

yasumu → yasume

2 verbs For example, たべます (tabemasu) becomes たべろ (tabero), でます (deru) becomes でろ (dero).

taberu → tabero

okiru → okiro

tojiru → tojiro

Group 3 verbs are irregular verbs. Just memorize them by hard. The imperative-form of します (suru) is しろ (shiro), and the imperative-form of きます (kimasu) is こい (koi).

kuru → koi

suru → shiro

＜Used from people in a position of authority to their subordinates>

Since the command form is strong, it isn't considered polite. For this reason, it's mostly used in by people in a position of authority to their subordinates.

For example: 話を聞け！(hanashi o kike！）

Because teachers are in a higher social standing than students, they can get away with using the command form. Still, due to authoritative undertones of this form, some teachers may avoid using this or limit the use to only when they are upset or angry with a student.

The command form is also used in situations where relative social standing is not important. For example, in moments of danger or crisis, your warning message is more important than making sure you don't offend anyone.

For example: 火事だ！逃げろ！(kaji da nigero!）

When using the command form in casual conversations, final particles such as よ are often attached to the verb to avoid sounding too aggressive.

For example: 今日うちに来いよ！（Kyou uchi ni koi yo!）

It also has a very positive use as well: it is commonly used to offer encouragement, such as cheering at a sports game.

For example: 頑張れ！（ganbare!）

＜Used for sign board>

For example: 止まれ（tomare）

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