I discuss ATC blog posts, with supplementary information, stories, and the reasons why I thought the topic was worth writing about, and worth reading about. Thus, a doublecut of these topics. This covers grass selection, playability, and all the work done to create a certain type of turfgrass surface.
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Explaining MLSN and assessing ball roll on putting greens, with Carl Schimenti
1:29:08
1:29:08
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Carl Schimenti from Cornell University joined me to discuss intro to #MLSN explanations vs. using MLSN the way it is designed to be used. We also talked a lot about ball roll assessment using the #BobbleTest, and the USGA GS3 ball, and other methods. MLSN project page: https://www.asianturfgrass.com/mlsn/ Blog post on one additional chatter of snak…
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Checking phosphorus gradients on putting greens with an upper and lower rootzone sample
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Soil P, pH, and salinity are a few things that likely vary by depth in your rootzone. I've started recommending that 20% of putting greens tested be done with a sample divided at the 5 cm depth. Send the lab a 0-5 cm and 5-10 cm depth sample from that green, rather than the standard 0-10 cm depth sample. I discussed this blog post: https://www.asia…
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Spring green-up of cool and warm-season grasses with Maggie Reiter
1:06:37
1:06:37
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Maggie Reiter joined me to discuss how the start (and end) of the turfgrass maintenance season might be predicted. When is spring green-up? When does the season end? We discussed, and showed charts of growth potential and temperature, from this post: https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/maps-of-average-temperatures-in-the-usa/ The Sunday Lawn Care p…
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How many hours until the grass wilts? Predicting soil water content with Dr. Bill Kreuser
59:18
59:18
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Bill Kreuser, Ph.D., president of GreenKeeper, joined me to discuss the new water resource planning tools in GreenKeeper, along with disease risk, PGRs, soil surfactants, and weather data. See more about these tools at the GreenKeeper app: https://www.greenkeeperapp.com/ Irrigation posts at the ATC website: https://www.asianturfgrass.com/tag/irriga…
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Core sweepers make aeration easier, ball roll after 270 rounds, and estimating N in clippings
32:27
32:27
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I discuss small plot university research with fixed treatments vs. golf course and sports turf maintenance with treatments that vary, and consider which results we should trust more. I also discuss the bobble test after 270 rounds, mention that core sweepers are a nice machine, and explain how I estimate N harvested in creeping bentgrass clippings.…
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What you should know about soil test P, spring growth, and #TurfSpeedo calculations
48:32
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I describe what we can learn from looking at five years of Mehlich 3 soil test phosphorus results from golf course putting greens, how to calculate the turfgrass speedo in a standard way, rather than in a chaotic way, and recommend an episode of the Cornell Turfgrass Show that asks if soil testing is the answer to all your problems. These are the l…
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Putting surface management, the turf speedo (growth ratio), & surprising results with T-Jay Creamer
1:05:21
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T-Jay Creamer joined me to discuss bentgrass & Poa annua (bent-Poa) management with a surprisingly low annual N rate, almost no use of PGRs, and no aeration (other than occasional needle tining) for more than two years. The results surprise me, and they may surprise you too. We discussed this blog post about the turf speedo: https://www.asianturfgr…
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P fertilizer & Poa, the #MLSN time issue, and #ClipVol annual totals
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37:58
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In this episode, I discuss sixteen year old bentgrass greens that have also gone sixteen years without P fertilizer. The greens are also free of Poa annua. Then I discuss how fertilizer recommendations made from soil tests are a lot more precise if the time duration over which the fertilizer is being recommended is considered explicitly. And I expl…
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Optimal and practical overseeding windows with Jim Huntoon
1:02:38
1:02:38
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Jim Huntoon joined me from Horry-Georgetown Technical College to discuss overseeding and the hows and whys of this common practice on warm-season turf that goes dormant in winter. We discussed these two blog posts: - https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/optimum-overseeding-time-windows/ - https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/zoysia-beats-bermuda-on-s…
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Botanical walks, ecoregions, and MLSN for lawns with Maggie Reiter
1:06:18
1:06:18
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Maggie Reiter joined me to reminisce about the grasses one can find at the back of the 7th green at Pebble Beach Golf Links, to consider soil test results for lawns, what the biggest problems are on lawns and whether solutions exists, and much more. Maggie is a Data Scientist at Sunday, https://www.getsunday.com/ The blog post with the photo of gra…
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An example of ample light when temperature limits growth
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This is a follow-up to the episode last week when I mentioned that I was looking at snow outside, that the light would be ample for growth, but the temperatures were below freezing and thus temperature was limiting the growth. I discuss the new blog post that shows those light data. An example of ample DLI: https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/an-ex…
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The combination of light (DLI) and temperature (GP)
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The growth potential converts air temperature to a 0 to 1 (or 0 to 100%) scale. Of course, there are a lot more things that affect actual growth, including light, nitrogen, and water. I discuss these and why I'm not so convinced that adding a light factor to GP makes it more useful. The blog post discussed here is https://www.asianturfgrass.com/pos…
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Leaf N normals from PACE, plus #OM246 video, #MLSN testing, #TurfMath, and soil test frequency
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This episode goes through a lot of updates from both the ATC and the PACE Turf websites. Topics discussed include OM246, the problem with frequent soil testing, the problem when getting soil tests done by some fertilizer companies, normal N content of grass leaves, and coefficient of uniformity (Cu) of rootzone sands. More information and and decis…
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Adam Moeller on sand, #OM246, #ClipVol, and putting green management in 2024
1:08:41
1:08:41
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Adam Moeller joined me to discuss how to manage greens in 2024. We talked about his research at Purdue University on sand and bentgrass and coring and N rates, and about clipping volume and OM246 testing and how we might manage turf and look at sands today. This post got the Doublecut introduction, about how to figure out an estimate of N harvest f…
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Physical testing of golf putting green rootzones & soil nutrient sampling with Brian Mavis
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Brian joined me to discuss his recommended soil sampling strategy for an 18 hole golf course. We also discussed what he teaches in a 2 hour GCSAA seminar on physical testing. Mavis Consulting website with lots of resources: http://mavisconsulting.com/ This blog post on soil sampling got the Doublecut treatment: https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/c…
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Forget about fertilizing with carbon, with Dr. Bryan Hopkins
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The 2018 article by Bryan and Tyler Hopkins, "Carbon: the next frontier in fertilization?" concludes that we "should not be fertilizing with carbon." Bryan joined me to discuss this article. The blog post about their article remains one of the top viewed on the ATC website, six years after publication: https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/is-carbon-…
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Annual sand topdressing quantities, zoysia seeds, and a measuring laser
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Zoysiagrass can seed year round when the conditions are right. In this episode, I discuss what those conditions are, share some tools for getting a site-specific sand topdressing estimate, describe the reshuffling of top posts on the ATC website, and discuss using a line laser to measure the effective height of cut. I have also recently been the gu…
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Blog post bombs of 2023 with Joe Gulotti
1:56:23
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Joe Gulotti, The Talking Greenkeeper, joined me to discuss the ATC blog posts that received the fewest views in 2023. We give these topics one more chance, while talking about quality of ball roll, playability, fertilizer, surface firmness, seminars, translation, and much more. The blog post with these 10 blog post "bombs" is https://www.asianturfg…
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Nitrogen, coring, the pH chart, hourly ET, growth rate, and surface hardness: top posts of the year
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With Google Analytics I can check the pages on the ATC website that get the most views. These were the ten posts from 2023 that got the most pageviews. These posts are listed, with direct links to each, at https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/ten-posts-no-one-read-2023/ Read more about all kinds of turfgrass topics at https://www.asianturfgrass.com/…
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Photos remind me of what I learned last year
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I looked through my "Flights and favorite turf photos" post to see what I learned, or what I was reminded of, through these photos. I discuss N rate, grass species, dormancy, traffic, leaf area, crew size, Poa annua, pesticides, and a lot more. This is the post I discussed: https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/flights-favorite-turf-photos-2023/ I me…
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How a conference education program gets put together with Deb Burnett & Sami Strutt
1:06:10
1:06:10
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In 2018, I delivered four presentations/classes at the Continue to Learn education conference in Harrogate, England. Deb Burnett and Sami Strutt from BIGGA joined me to discuss how an education program gets put together and evaluated. The Doublecut post was: https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/four-presentations-at-btme/ BIGGA website: https://www.…
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Topdressing by rote isn't the best way to do it, with Chris Tritabaugh
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Chris Tritabaugh joined me to discuss sand topdressing, a long-running conversation we've been having with Dr. John Kaminski, the quantities of sand and N that are recommended vs. the amounts that seem to be required in modern turf maintenance, and much more. We discussed this post from the ATC website about nitrogen, coring, and sand: https://www.…
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Robotic automowers for golf course (and all kinds of) turf with Janne Lehto, MG
1:01:29
1:01:29
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Janne Lehto from Hirsala Golf joined me to discuss robotic automowers. Hirsala Golf currently has a fleet of 36 machines, mowing all fairways and 75% of the rough with these autonomous mowers. We discussed mowing heights, some of the interesting benefits that come with using these types of machines, and discussed a few drawbacks. Find Janne on Ints…
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Updated OM246 sampling guide, GP is not MLSN, and soil samples don't dry too much
39:17
39:17
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I talked about some recent blog posts, including updated #OM246 sampling instructions, there is no such thing as an MLSN nitrogen rate, soil samples cannot dry too much, and more. Links to these posts are: - https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/mlsn-is-not-gp/ - PACE climate appraisal form https://www.paceturf.org/journal/climate - https://www.asian…
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Wetting agent re-application intervals by growing degree days (GDD) with Bill Kreuser
1:28:22
1:28:22
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Can soil surfactant (wetting agent) applications be scheduled based on site temperatures? Can a growing degree day model work for this? Dr. Bill Kreuser, president of Greenkeeper, joined me to discuss his exciting progress with this research. - ATC blog post on what wetting agents really do: https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/what-do-wetting-agent…
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Bentgrass greens in Perth summer temperatures with Fraser Brown
1:13:53
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Lake Karrinyup Country Club in Perth, Western Australia has creeping bentgrass greens and sometimes sees high temperatures over 40 °C. Course superintendent Fraser Brown joined me to discuss how he and the maintenance team manage the grass in this year-round golfing climate. Find Fraser on X at https://twitter.com/FraserJBrown_ Read the ATM profile…
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Maximum N rates that work when linked to growth potential (GP) with Dr. Michael Bekken
38:33
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I spoke with Michael Bekken about normal nitrogen rates, why they vary so much, why that matters, what a normal N rate linked to growth potential (GP) might be, and greenhouse gas emissions from turfgrass maintenance. We talked about: - how to keep up with turf info from ATC and PACE Turf, https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/whats-the-best-way-to-k…
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Sand topdressing rates, soil organic matter/material, cultivation, and K with Chas Schmid
1:22:48
1:22:48
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Dr. Chas Schmid has been involved with many of the same topics I often study and consider---sand topdressing, potassium fertilization, soil organic matter, putting green performance, and so on. His data, and plenty of photographic evidence, also show that there can be completely different outcomes than what I might have expected. We discuss this, o…
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Fertilizer by "program" vs. application by a flexible system
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This considers fertilizer programs, whether research can be misleading when fertilizer is applied at fixed rates on calendar schedules, and why I'm excited about the utility of the growth ratio. Blog posts discussed include: - https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/already-proving-to-be-more-valuable-than-i-originally-expected/ - https://www.asianturf…
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Documenting progress by comparing totals from one year to the next with Jon Wall
57:04
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I was a co-author, in 2013, of an article with the title "Documenting your progress toward sustainability." Jon Wall joined me to discuss this topic, and to consider whether keeping track of annual totals of inputs and resource use in a few key areas can be a meaningful way to document sustainable land management practices in the golf industry. The…
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How much soil organic matter is too much? Plus Zoysia, circle mows, botany, and ecology
37:48
37:48
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I flipped through four recent blog posts, about zoysia seedheads on putting greens, the practical question of how much organic matter (or total organic material is too much), seminars in France, circle mows, and botanical walks to find grass growing in nature. Links to these posts are: https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/seedheads-greens-height-zoy…
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The bobble test scoring scale and what the test is used for with Chris Tritabaugh
1:27:25
1:27:25
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Chris Tritabaugh joined me to discuss the #bobbletest scoring scale and the overall utility of this test. It is used for assessing the smoothness and trueness of ball roll on golf course putting greens. I find the measurements useful as a way to systematically adjust maintenance work. The blog post we discussed, with a link to the "Perfectly True" …
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Total organic material testing and reacting to soil test results with John Rowland
1:03:15
1:03:15
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Dr. John Rowland from the USGA Green Section Florida region joined me to discuss soil sampling, seasonal soil pH changes, plus sampling and testing methodology for total organic material (#OM246) tests. We discussed this post: https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/seasonal-soil-ph-change/ See articles by Dr. Rowland, including the one we discussed ab…
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Change in ball roll on putting greens from morning to afternoon
37:29
37:29
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Everyone knows a golf green is smoothest right after the morning work, with some decrease in smoothness as the day goes on. How much does the smoothness and trueness of the roll decrease? I measured it. The blog post discussed here is: https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/one-chatter-or-snaking-event-in-every-third-ball-roll/ Linde et.al's article o…
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Using turf math, mg/kg, ppm, and fertilizer rates, with Bjarni Hannesson
1:24:04
1:24:04
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Bjarni Hannesson joined me to discuss parts per million (ppm) and how that measure of nutrients in the soil can be expressed as a fertilizer rate, and vice versa. This turns out to be really useful. At least Bjarni and I think so. For more, see the #MLSN cheat sheet: https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/new-mlsn-cheat-sheet/ See the Global Soil Surv…
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Does a location exist with 365 days a year of high GP for cool-season grass?
26:45
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The temperature-based growth potential, developed by PACE Turf, transforms the average air temperature to a growth potential (GP). The GP is conveniently scaled from 0 to 1 (or from 0 to 100%, if you prefer), and high GP values indicate that the air temperature is close to an optimum for grass growth. This episodes looks at a very interesting quest…
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"Blown away by the quality" of turfgrass by a simple method of adjusting N fertilizer
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An anonymous golf course superintendent wrote that they were "blown away by the quality of these surfaces with an amount of nitrogen I would’ve thought was far too small." I discuss this, and some of the changes I'm made in my thinking about what is "far too small," or not. Also, I discuss some of the preventative fungicide and herbicide applicatio…
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A daily tournament diary from the 2023 KBC Augusta golf tournament in Japan
28:54
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I spent nine days at the KBC Augusta golf tournament in 2023. In this episode, I introduce the blog post with the daily diary of my observations and measurements during the week. You can see the blog post at https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/tournament-diary-kbc-augusta-2023/ Read more about all kinds of turfgrass topics at https://www.asianturfg…
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Reflections on a July with record heat and drought
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Andrew McDaniel and I worked together at Habu CC in July 2001. We also worked together at the 50th KBC Augusta tournament in August 2023. I reflect on, and discuss, both of these, in this episode. The blog post discussed is: https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/looking-back-at-a-july-with-record-heat-and-drought/ Read more about all kinds of turfgra…
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Green firmness measurements after using a 4 ton roller (it actually didn't firm the surface much)
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Andrew McDaniel joined me from the Keya GC maintenance office to discuss firmness measurements of putting greens, using a 4 ton roller on the greens, and why the greens make a crunching noise when walking across them. See the blog post we discussed at: https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/putting-green-data-from-measurement-to-summary/ See the Short…
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Tournament golf and zoysia greens are a fascinating combination
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I recorded this from Keya Golf Club, which will host the 50th KBC Augusta golf tournament on korai (Zoysia matrella) putting greens this week. I explained why I find this grass on putting greens so interesting, and some of the measurements I'll be making this week. I discussed this blog post: https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/tournament-golf-on-z…
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The growth ratio for consistent growth and nitrogen fertilizer adjustment with Jason Haines
38:19
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Jason Haines joined me for another #TurfMath episode to explain what the growth ratio is, how he uses it, and how he calibrates it. See this post for the equation and links: https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/the-growth-ratio-equation/ Read more about all kinds of turfgrass topics at https://www.asianturfgrass.com/ Get ATC newsletters at https://s…
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Turf Math with Bjarni Hannesson and Jason Haines
1:21:14
1:21:14
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We discussed the ease of metric units and the utility of knowing some key numbers in turfgrass maintenance. We discussed this post: https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/attractions-of-metric-units/ Read more about all kinds of turfgrass topics at https://www.asianturfgrass.com/ Get ATC newsletters at https://subscribepage.com/atc_newsletters Turfgra…
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Using morning and afternoon VWC measurements to find the site specific crop coefficient #TurfHacks
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One of the things you can do when you are able to express soil water content as a depth of water, and vice versa, is to express the water loss rate from the soil divided by the reference evapotranspiration. Now you've got a rough estimate of a site specific crop coefficient. I explained how to do that in this post: https://www.asianturfgrass.com/po…
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For as long as I can remember, I've used the easy 1 mm = 1 L = 1% soil volumetric water content (VWC) relationship when converting between water use by grass, ET, irrigation, and soil VWC. Bill Kreuser shared the simple calculation to work this out in inches, for any rootzone depth. The post discussed here is https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/soi…
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I prefer sand topdressing amounts expressed as a depth
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I gave three reasons for my preference that sand topdressing amounts be expressed as a depth. One is consistency and standardization. Depth means the area to which the sand has been applied is already accounted for. Others include easy calculation and integration with #OM246, plus clear communication. The posts discussed here include these: https:/…
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Golf in Japan: maintenance staff numbers, rounds played, number of holes, and annual N rates
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Did you know Japan has as many golf holes as England, Scotland, and New Zealand combined? I visited 11 golf facilities in Japan and discuss some of the interesting equipment and numbers related to the maintenance of those courses. The blog post getting the #ATC2x treatment is: https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/japan-golf-by-numbers/ The roller wi…
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Grass gets this much PAR light in full sun (no clouds)
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For any date, time, and location, it's possible to calculate the amount of light grass would get in full sun. I describe how this is done, and show a calculator that will find this value for you. Direct link to the blog post: https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/shade-and-sun/ Direct link to the PPFD calculator: https://asianturfgrass.shinyapps.io/p…
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Coring three times a year with half-inch tines on bentgrass putting greens
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A research article recommended two spring and one autumn hollow-tine aerification, supplemented by solid-tine aerification during summer, for creeping bentgrass putting greens in the transition zone. I discussed this, and include links to the article, in this post: https://www.asianturfgrass.com/post/coring-three-times-a-year-is-recommended-when/ R…
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The shade effect of clouds, photosynthetically active radiation, and 2 PAR apps
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38:50
Clouds reduce photosynthetically active radiation by about 25% when you can still see your shadow. When you can't see your shadow, that's about 50% of PAR blocked. And when you can't see your shadow and can't find what part of the sky the sun is in, that's about 75% PAR reduction. Read about this on a cloudy day in Tokyo, and see two apps that allo…
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